方便大家学习,天天更新,由于回寝之后才能敲当天的代码,加写说明,可能会慢些,我一步一步全写一下~~
day01
今天的目标就是搞下软件仓库,简单的就一笔带过了~~
1.安装vm和redhat版本安装
取名为server,细节不多说~~
2.软件仓库配置
df //查看挂载目录每个人都可能不一样哦,这个好像是根据主机名来的,一般没调过都是root,我这里是我的名字~~
复制挂载目录
之后配置本地yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
vim myrepos.repo
//编辑为如下即可
[app]
name = app
enable = 1
gpgcheck = 0
//别忘了换自己的路径
baseurl = file:///run/media/zaunekko/RHEL-8-2-0-BaseOS-x86_64/AppStream
[base]
name = base
enable = 1
gpgcheck = 0
baseurl = file:///run/media/zaunekko/RHEL-8-2-0-BaseOS-x86_64/BaseOS
yum makecache //即可成功如图所示
3.创建快照
别忘了搞个快照~~
第一天over~~
day02
1.再配置两台相同环境的
分别取名为client1,client2,细节不说了,克隆不克隆随你,mac别一样就行~~
2.配置网卡
sever,client1,client2,配置相同的虚拟网卡,别选0,1,8,这三个一般别的nat,桥接等等模式会默认配置,想知道的看虚拟网络编辑器那里就知道为什么了,这里不细说,这里我们选了5~~
3.配置sever虚拟机
首先配置network,如下~~
之后就可以一直敲了~~
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# yum install dhcp-server.x86_64 -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:05 ago on Tue 29 Jun 2021 12:41:53 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
dhcp-server x86_64 12:4.3.6-40.el8 base 529 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 529 k
Installed size: 1.2 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: dhcp-server-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installing : dhcp-server-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: dhcp-server-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : dhcp-server-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
Installed:
dhcp-server-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf //路径写上面查看到的
cp: overwrite '/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf'? y
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
配置如下
# which we don't really recommend.
//在此之前的subnet的代码块都删掉,或者你注释掉,之后配置如下
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 1.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { //网段和子网号
range 1.1.1.2 1.1.1.3; //想要分配出的ip
option domain-name-servers 1.1.1.1; //网关服务器地址,因为我们选择自己找所以网关是自己
option domain-name "zaunekko.example.org";//随意取
option routers 1.1.1.1; //同上即可
default-lease-time 600; //最少租期
max-lease-time 7200; //最大租期
}退出来,启动dhcp服务~~
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service成功~~
4.配置client01,client02有线连接
两个都恢复快照,打开network,重新打开一下有线连接,即可发现ip地址已经被配置,分别为刚刚所想配置的1.1.1.2和1.1.1.3,这里我是client02的ip是1.1.1.3~~
5.继续回来配置server
根据作业所示,需要更改1.1.1.3的固定分配地址为1.1.1.100~~
那么就ping一下,就会有arp缓存,就能知道对应的ip对应的mac地址了,应该都记得arp原理吧~~
[root@localhost ~]# arp -a
? (210.30.48.7) at <incomplete> on ens160
? (1.1.1.3) at 00:0c:29:5f:2a:44 [ether] on ens160 //复制此mac地址
? (203.107.6.88) at <incomplete> on ens160
? (1.1.1.2) at 00:0c:29:7c:aa:c9 [ether] on ens160
? (192.168.116.2) at <incomplete> on ens160接下来更改dhcpd.conf,配置如下
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
//找到此段,大致为70行
host fantasia {
hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:5f:2a:44; //为上步mac地址
fixed-address 1.1.1.100; //想分配的固定ip
}退出来,重新启动dhcp服务~~
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service成功~~
6.查看client的ip分配是否成功
打开对应的client主机,我这里是client1,重新打开一下有线连接,即可发现ip地址已经被配置为1.1.1.100~~
如下图所示~~
至此,你就可以交作业了,建议再创个快照~~
day02 附加(添加中继)
这里我们直接将server和client1调整到第10块虚拟网卡,client2调整到第15块虚拟网卡,并且为clinet1再添加一个网络适配器,调整到第15块虚拟网卡~~
准备工作做好之后~~
1.配置sever
首先network配置如下~~
因为继刚刚所敲的,然后,只需要敲~~
[root@localhost ~]# route add default gw 1.1.1.2 //因为原来的client1是这个ip,我们想让他做中继
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf //重新配置一下
subnet 1.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 1.1.1.2 1.1.1.3;
option domain-name-servers 1.1.1.2; //更改为client1的
option domain-name "zaunekko.example.org";
option routers 1.1.1.2;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
subnet 100.100.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 100.100.100.2 100.100.100.3;
option domain-name-servers 100.100.100.1; //更改为client1另外一个网卡的
option domain-name "zaunekko.example.org";
option routers 100.100.100.1;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service成功~~
2.配置client1
重新打开一下有线连接~~
配置会变成此~~
此时打开第二个网卡并且记住名字,并且配置为如下~~
完成之后~~
之后可以敲了~~
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
//添加如下~~
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1;
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sysctl -p
sysctl: setting key "net.ipv4.ip_forward": Invalid argument
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1;
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
1
//发现成功
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install dhcp-relay.x86_64
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 1:41:08 ago on Tue 29 Jun 2021 12:53:09 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
dhcp-relay x86_64 12:4.3.6-40.el8 base 236 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 236 k
Installed size: 348 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : dhcp-relay-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: dhcp-relay-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : dhcp-relay-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
Installed:
dhcp-relay-12:4.3.6-40.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cp /lib/systemd/system/dhcrelay.service /etc/systemd/system/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/systemd/system/dhcrelay.service
//编辑如下
[Unit]
Description=DHCP Relay Agent Daemon
Documentation=man:dhcrelay(8)
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/dhcrelay -d --no-pid 1.1.1.1 -i ens160 -i ens224
StandardError=null
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl --system daemon-reload
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl restart dhcrelay.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
成功~~
3.查看client2
重新打开一下client2的有线连接~~
如下~~
发现成功~~
day03
1.配置sever
ip网关等等都设为192.168.1.1
老师给的很详细直接看就行了,略了今天,直接配~~
[root@localhost ~]# yum install bind.x86_64 -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 1 day, 0:03:22 ago on Tue 29 Jun 2021 12:39:46 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================
Installing:
bind x86_64 32:9.11.13-3.el8 app 2.1 M
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 2.1 M
Installed size: 4.5 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: bind-32:9.11.13-3.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installing : bind-32:9.11.13-3.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: bind-32:9.11.13-3.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : bind-32:9.11.13-3.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
Installed:
bind-32:9.11.13-3.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
[root@localhost ~]# named-checkconf /etc/named.conf
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/named/
[root@localhost named]# cp named.localhost shida.com.zone
[root@localhost named]# vim shida.com.zone
[root@localhost named]# named-checkzone shida.com /var/named/shida.com.zone
zone shida.com/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
[root@localhost named]# cd /var/named/
[root@localhost named]# cp shida.com.zone 192.168.1.zone
[root@localhost named]# vim 192.168.1.zone
[root@localhost named]# named-checkzone 1.168.192.in-adddr.arpa /var/named/192.168.1.zone
zone 1.168.192.in-adddr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
[root@localhost named]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
se[root@localhost named]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost named]# systemctl restart named.service
[root@localhost named]# systemctl enable named.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/named.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/named.service.
[root@localhost named]# chmod +r *
[root@localhost named]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
[root@localhost named]# PEERDNS=yes
[root@localhost named]# nslookup
> syb.shida.com
Server: 192.168.1.1
Address: 192.168.1.1#53
Name: syb.shida.com
Address: 192.168.1.1
> 192.168.1.1
1.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = syb.shida.com.
> www.shida.com
Server: 192.168.1.1
Address: 192.168.1.1#53
www.shida.com canonical name = station2.shida.com.
Name: station2.shida.com
Address: 192.168.1.2
> yy.shida.com
Server: 192.168.1.1
Address: 192.168.1.1#53
Name: yy.shida.com
Address: 192.168.1.4day04
1.配置sever
很详细,也是直接敲~~
[root@localhost ~]# yum install httpd.x86_64 -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:04 ago on Thu 01 Jul 2021 12:42:49 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3 app 1.4 M
Installing dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.6.3-9.el8 app 125 k
apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8 app 105 k
httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3 app 36 k
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3 app 103 k
mod_http2 x86_64 1.11.3-3.module+el8.2.0+4377+dc421495 app 158 k
redhat-logos-httpd noarch 81.1-1.el8 base 26 k
Installing weak dependencies:
apr-util-bdb x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8 app 25 k
apr-util-openssl x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8 app 27 k
Enabling module streams:
httpd 2.4
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install 9 Packages
Total size: 2.0 M
Installed size: 5.5 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : apr-1.6.3-9.el8.x86_64 1/9
Running scriptlet: apr-1.6.3-9.el8.x86_64 1/9
Installing : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64 2/9
Installing : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64 3/9
Installing : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64 4/9
Running scriptlet: apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64 4/9
Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.x86_64 5/9
Installing : redhat-logos-httpd-81.1-1.el8.noarch 6/9
Running scriptlet: httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.noarch 7/9
Installing : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.noarch 7/9
Installing : mod_http2-1.11.3-3.module+el8.2.0+4377+dc421495.x86_64 8/9
Installing : httpd-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.x86_64 9/9
Running scriptlet: httpd-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.x86_64 9/9
Verifying : apr-1.6.3-9.el8.x86_64 1/9
Verifying : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64 2/9
Verifying : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64 3/9
Verifying : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64 4/9
Verifying : httpd-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.x86_64 5/9
Verifying : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.noarch 6/9
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.x86_64 7/9
Verifying : mod_http2-1.11.3-3.module+el8.2.0+4377+dc421495.x86_64 8/9
Verifying : redhat-logos-httpd-81.1-1.el8.noarch 9/9
Installed products updated.
Installed:
apr-1.6.3-9.el8.x86_64
apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64
apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64
apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64
httpd-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.x86_64
httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.noarch
httpd-tools-2.4.37-21.module+el8.2.0+5008+cca404a3.x86_64
mod_http2-1.11.3-3.module+el8.2.0+4377+dc421495.x86_64
redhat-logos-httpd-81.1-1.el8.noarch
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
[root@localhost ~]# echo "weclome to gongyedaxue" >> /var/www/html/index.html
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /gongye/yuyue
[root@localhost ~]# echo "my name is yuyue" >> /gongye/yuyue/index.html
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vdir.conf
[root@localhost ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t '/gongye(/.*)?'
[root@localhost ~]# restorecon -Rv /gongye/
Relabeled /gongye from unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0 to unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
Relabeled /gongye/yuyue from unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0 to unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
Relabeled /gongye/yuyue/index.html from unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0 to unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
day05
1.配置sever
直接敲~~
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# yum install vsftpd.x86_64 -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 23:27:18 ago on Thu 01 Jul 2021 12:42:49 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
vsftpd x86_64 3.0.3-31.el8 app 180 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 180 k
Installed size: 343 k
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : vsftpd-3.0.3-31.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: vsftpd-3.0.3-31.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : vsftpd-3.0.3-31.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
Installed:
vsftpd-3.0.3-31.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd.service --now
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service.
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /ftp/share
[root@localhost ~]# echo "ni ming yong hu" > /ftp/share/test.txt
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart vsftpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# ls -Zd /var/ftp/
system_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0 /var/ftp/
[root@localhost ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t public_content_t '/ftp/share(/.*)?'
[root@localhost ~]# restorecon -Rv /ftp/share/
Relabeled /ftp/share from unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0 to unconfined_u:object_r:public_content_t:s0
Relabeled /ftp/share/test.txt from unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0 to unconfined_u:object_r:public_content_t:s02.client01验证
直接敲~~
root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# yum install ftp.x86_64 -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:11 ago on Thu 01 Jul 2021 09:16:34 PM PDT.
Package ftp-0.17-78.el8.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# ftp 192.168.1.1
Connected to 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.3)
Name (192.168.1.1:root): ftp
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,1,1,64,225).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 16 Jul 02 04:14 test.txt
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> get test.txt
local: test.txt remote: test.txt
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,1,1,206,235).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for test.txt (16 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
16 bytes received in 0.000273 secs (58.61 Kbytes/sec)
ftp> exit
221 Goodbye.
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Documents Music Pictures Templates Videos
Desktop Downloads original-ks.cfg Public test.txt
[root@localhost ~]# cat test.txt
ni ming yong hu
[root@localhost ~]#3.配置本地用户的,配置sever
直接敲~~
[root@localhost ~]# useradd yuyue
[root@localhost ~]# echo redhat123|passwd --stdin yuyue
Changing password for user yuyue.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@localhost ~]# su - yuyue
[yuyue@localhost ~]$ echo "weclome to gongyedaxue" >> yuyue.txt
[yuyue@localhost ~]$ vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[yuyue@localhost ~]$ su - root
Password:
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart vsftpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# getsebool -a | grep ftp
ftpd_anon_write --> off
ftpd_connect_all_unreserved --> off
ftpd_connect_db --> off
ftpd_full_access --> off
ftpd_use_cifs --> off
ftpd_use_fusefs --> off
ftpd_use_nfs --> off
ftpd_use_passive_mode --> off
httpd_can_connect_ftp --> off
httpd_enable_ftp_server --> off
tftp_anon_write --> off
tftp_home_dir --> off
[root@localhost ~]# setsebool -P ftpd_full_access on
[root@localhost ~]#4.返回client01验证
直接敲~~
[root@localhost ~]# ftp 192.168.1.1
Connected to 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.3)
Name (192.168.1.1:root): yuyue
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,1,1,230,28).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1001 1001 23 Jul 02 04:27 yuyue.txt
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> get yuyue.txt
local: yuyue.txt remote: yuyue.txt
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,1,1,152,72).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for yuyue.txt (23 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
23 bytes received in 1.9e-05 secs (1210.53 Kbytes/sec)
ftp> exit
221 Goodbye.
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Documents Music Pictures Templates Videos
Desktop Downloads original-ks.cfg Public test.txt yuyue.txt
[root@localhost ~]# cat yuyue.txt
weclome to gongyedaxue
[root@localhost ~]#